Science and Research

Spermidine and Voluntary Activity Exert Differential Effects on Sucrose- Compared with Fat-Induced Systemic Changes in Male Mice

BACKGROUND: Excess dietary fat and sugar are linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Polyamines such as spermidine are implicated in fat accumulation and may support activity-induced weight loss. OBJECTIVE: This study tested interventional spermidine supplementation and voluntary activity against fat- and sucrose-induced systemic and gut microbiota changes. METHODS: A 3-factorial study design (3 x 2 x 2) was used to test the factors diet, activity, and spermidine. Male 6-wk-old C57BL/6N mice were fed a control diet (CD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 70%:20%:10% of energy; 7% sucrose), a high-fat diet (HFD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 20%:20%:60% of energy; 7% sucrose), or a high-sucrose diet (HSD; carbohydrate:protein:fat, 70%:20%:10% of energy; 35% sucrose). Diet groups were left untreated (+0) or had unlimited access to running wheels (+A) or were supplemented with 3 mM spermidine via drinking water (+S) or a combination of both (+A+S) for 30 wk (n = 7-10). RESULTS: In comparison to the CD, the HFD enhanced body weights (by 36%, P < 0.001), plasma lipids (cholesterol by 24%, P < 0.001; triglycerides by 27%, P = 0.004), and glucose concentrations (by 18%, P < 0.001), whereas the HSD increased weight by 13% (P < 0.001) and fasting glucose by 17% (P < 0.001) but did not increase plasma lipids. Microbiota taxonomic composition changed upon the HFD and HSD (both P < 0.001); however, only the HSD increased microbial diversity (P < 0.001) compared with the CD. Activity influenced microbiota composition (P < 0.01) and reduced glucose concentrations in HSD-fed (P = 0.021) and HFD-fed (P < 0.001) mice compared with nonactive mice. The combination of activity and spermidine affected energy intake (P-interaction = 0.037) and reduced body weights of HSD+A+S mice compared with HSD+0 mice (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: In male C57BL/6N mice, dietary sucrose and fat caused diverse metabolic and microbiota changes that were differentially susceptible to physical exercise. Spermidine has the potential to augment activity-induced beneficial effects, particularly for sucrose-induced obesity.
  • Schipke, J.
  • Vital, M.
  • Schnapper-Isl, A.
  • Pieper, D. H.
  • Muhlfeld, C.

Keywords

  • Animal Feed
  • Animals
  • Blood Glucose
  • Diet
  • Dietary Carbohydrates/*adverse effects
  • Dietary Fats/*adverse effects
  • Energy Intake
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome
  • Glucose/metabolism
  • Homeostasis
  • Lipids/blood
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Motor Activity
  • Spermidine/*pharmacology
  • Sucrose/*adverse effects
  • *dietary fat
  • *dietary sugar
  • *gut microbiota
  • *overweight and obesity
  • *physical exercise
  • *polyamine spermidine
Publication details
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy272
Journal: The Journal of nutrition
Pages: 451-462 
Number: 3
Work Type: Original
Location: BREATH
Disease Area: General Lung and Other
Partner / Member: MHH
Access-Number: 30715385
See publication on PubMed

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