Science and Research

Post-Translational Modifications of Circulating Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Protein

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase protein encoded by the SERPINA1 gene, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily. Its primary function is to protect tissues from enzymes released during inflammation, such as neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3. In addition to its antiprotease activity, AAT interacts with numerous other substances and has various functions, mainly arising from the conformational flexibility of normal variants of AAT. Therefore, AAT has diverse biological functions and plays a role in various pathophysiological processes. This review discusses major molecular forms of AAT, including complex, cleaved, glycosylated, oxidized, and S-nitrosylated forms, in terms of their origin and function.

  • Lechowicz, U.
  • Rudzinski, S.
  • Jezela-Stanek, A.
  • Janciauskiene, S.
  • Chorostowska-Wynimko, J.

Keywords

  • Aat
  • S-nitrosylation
  • Serpina1
  • alpha-1-antitrypsin
  • carbamylation
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • glycosylation
  • homocysteinylation
  • oxidation
  • protease inhibitor
Publication details
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239187
Journal: Int J Mol Sci
Number: 23
Work Type: Review
Location: BREATH
Disease Area: General Lung and Other
Partner / Member: MHH
Access-Number: 33276468

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