Science and Research

Role of the COX2-PGE(2) axis in S. pneumoniae-induced exacerbation of experimental fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with high morbidity and mortality. Patients with ILD frequently develop an acute exacerbation of their disease, which may be triggered by viral and/or bacterial infections. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) is an eicosanoid released in a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)-dependent manner and is considered to contribute to regulation of lung fibrosis. However, its role in infection-induced exacerbation of lung fibrosis is poorly defined. We found significantly increased levels of PGE(2) in lung tissue of patients with ILD. Increased levels of PGE(2) were also found in lung tissue of mice with AdTGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis and even more so in Streptococcus pneumoniae exacerbated lung fibrosis. Type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT II cells) and alveolar macrophages (AM) contributed to PGE(2) release during exacerbating fibrosis. Application of parecoxib to inhibit PGE(2) synthesis ameliorated lung fibrosis, whereas intratracheal application of PGE(2) worsened lung fibrosis in mice. Both interventions had no effect on S. pneumoniae-exacerbated lung fibrosis. Together, we found that the COX2-PGE(2) axis has dual roles in fibrosis that may offset each other: PGE(2) helps resolve infection/attenuate inflammation in fibrosis exacerbation but accentuates TGF-β/AT II cell-mediated fibrosis. These data support the efficacy of COX/PGE(2) interventions in the setting of non-exacerbating lung fibrosis.

  • Bormann, T.
  • Maus, R.
  • Stolper, J.
  • Jonigk, D.
  • Welte, T.
  • Gauldie, J.
  • Kolb, M.
  • Maus, U. A.

Keywords

  • Alveolar Epithelial Cells/*metabolism/microbiology/pathology
  • Animals
  • Cyclooxygenase 2/*metabolism
  • Dinoprostone/*metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Isoxazoles/pharmacology
  • Mice
  • Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/*metabolism/pathology
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis/*metabolism/microbiology/pathology
  • *Signal Transduction
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae/*metabolism
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
  • *ipf
  • *bacterial infection
  • *lung
  • *prostaglandin
Publication details
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00024.2020
Journal: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
Pages: L377-l392 
Number: 3
Work Type: Original
Location: BREATH
Disease Area: PALI, DPLD
Partner / Member: MHH
Access-Number: 33296268

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