Associations of greenness with diabetes mellitus and glucose-homeostasis markers: The 33 Communities Chinese Health Study

BACKGROUND: Residing in greener places may be protective against diabetes mellitus (DM) but evidence is scarce and comes mainly from developed countries. OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations of residential greenness with DM prevalence and glucose-homeostasis markers in Chinese adults and whether these associations were mediated by air pollution, physical activity, and body mass index. METHODS: In 2009, a total of 15,477 adults from the cross-sectional 33 Communities Chinese Health Study provided blood samples and completed a questionnaire. We considered fasting and 2-h glucose and insulin concentrations, as well as the homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and beta-cell function, as glucose-homeostasis markers. DM was defined according to the American Diabetes Association's recommendations. Residential greenness was estimated by two satellite-derived vegetation indexes - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). Nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter

Yang, B. Y.

Markevych, I.

Heinrich, J.

Bowatte, G.

Bloom, M. S.

Guo, Y.

Dharmage, S. C.

Jalaludin, B.

Knibbs, L. D.

Morawska, L.

Qian, Z. M.

Chen, D. H.

Ma, H.

Chen, D.

Lin, S.

Yang, M.

Liu, K. K.

Zeng, X. W.

Hu, L. W.

Dong, G. H.